项目中的内容资源

So, everything that can be moved with the help of our engine or somehow used in our project is considered content: characters, items, weapons, buildings, rooms, land and even the sky, as well as music, pictures, videos, all kinds of settings, texts, etc.在项目中，所有可以通过引擎移动或以任何方式使用的元素都被视为内容：角色、物品、武器、建筑物、房间、地形甚至天空，以及音乐、图片、视频、各种设置、文本等。

The unit of content in a project is an asset — a resource that can be used in your world or project. The resource can be obtained from a file created using some third-party software (3D model, audio file, image, etc.) or using UnigineEditor (node, material, lightmap, render settings, etc.).项目中的内容单元是可以在你的世界或项目中使用的资源（资产，asset）。这些资源可以来自第三方软件创建的文件（3D模型、音频文件、图像等），也可以通过UnigineEditor创建（节点、材质、光照贴图、渲染设置等）。

Let's take a look at the main types of assets:以下是主要资源类型说明：

• Geometry and animation (*.fbx, *.mesh, *.anim). Mesh is a basic unit that consists of a set of polygons and is used to create the object's geometry. Some meshes can be animated, and in addition to polygons they have: a set of associated bones (skeleton or rig) with a sequence of bone positions specifying the object motion, or a set of "deformed" versions of the object (morph targets or blend shapes) defining a smooth change in its shape over time.几何体和动画（*.fbx, *.mesh, *.anim）： 网格（mesh）是由一组多边形组成的基本单元，用于创建物体的几何形状。某些网格可以添加动画，除了多边形外还包含：一组关联的骨骼（骨架或绑定rig），通过骨骼位置序列指定物体运动，或一组物体的"变形"版本：变形目标（morph targets）或混合形状（blend shapes），用于定义物体形状随时间平滑变化。

  

• Materials (*.mat, *.mgraph). Material defines how the surface to which it is assigned will look like — its interaction with light sources, reflection parameters, etc. The material asset is usually associated with several texture assets.材质（*.mat, *.mgraph）：材质决定了物体表面的视觉表现，包括与光源的交互、反射参数等特性。一个材质资源通常会关联多个纹理资源。

• Textures (*.png, *.tga, *.hdri). These are images that are typically used in materials. When a material is assigned to a surface, textures are either projected onto it directly (albedo) or used as masks (for example, to define transparent areas), in addition pixel values of a texture can be used for other calculations. Textures can also be used, for example, to simulate the environment (cube maps that are projected onto the cube walls from the inside, creating the illusion of a 3D scene around an object) or as light filters on projected light sources. Textures are usually created using a third-party image editing application such as GIMP or Photoshop and then imported through Asset Browser. Some textures, such as rendering textures, are generated by the UNIGINE engine. Usually certain data are taken from the scene and converted into a texture to be used elsewhere.纹理（*.png, *.tga, *.hdri）：这些是通常用于材质的图像。当材质被应用到表面时，纹理要么被直接投射到表面上（如漫反射贴图），要么被用作遮罩（例如定义透明区域），此外纹理的像素值还可用于其他计算。纹理也可用于模拟环境（如从内部投射到立方体壁上的立方体贴图）或作为投射光源的光照滤镜。纹理通常使用第三方图像编辑软件（如GIMP或Photoshop）创建，然后通过资源浏览器导入。某些纹理（如渲染纹理）由UNIGINE引擎生成，通常是从场景中提取数据并转换为纹理以供其他用途使用。

  

• Sound files (*.mp3, *.oga). These assets define the setting and extent of immersion: background music, footstep sounds, wind noise, etc.音频文件（.mp3，.oga）：这些资源决定了环境氛围和沉浸感的程度，例如背景音乐、脚步声、风声等。
• Video files (*.ogv). These assets can be used as a cinematic between different stages of gameplay, or, for example, to simulate a working TV in a room.视频文件（*.ogv）：可用于不同游戏阶段之间的过场动画，或模拟房间内播放的电视画面等场景。
• Presets (*.render, *.physics, ...). This type of assets can be used to configure worlds in the project (settings for rendering, gravity, sound speed, volume, etc.). 预设文件（.render，.physics 等）： 用于配置项目中的世界参数（渲染设置、重力、声音速度、音量等）。

In addition, there are many more types of assets — scenes/worlds (*.world), nodes or their hierarchies (*.node), fonts (*.ttf), landscape maps (*.lmap), and many other things you will get acquainted with while working with UNIGINE.此外，UNIGINE还支持更多资源类型，包括：场景/世界（*.world）、节点或节点层级结构（*.node）、字体文件（*.ttf）、地形图（*.lmap）等。你将在使用过程中逐步熟悉。

The Asset System is designed to unify file management within a project and make it simple and intuitive.资源系统的设计目标是统一项目中的文件管理流程，使其更加简单直观。

Each asset is represented by a pair: an asset file and a metadata file (*.meta, not displayed in the editor). The meta file stores auxiliary information and its GUID (globally unique identifier), which defines the path to the asset (i.e. its location in the project) and is used by the Asset System to store all links and dependencies between resources. Therefore, you don't have to worry that your material will lose a texture if you change its name or move it to a different folder.每个资源由一对文件构成：资源文件及其元数据文件（*.meta，编辑器中不可见）。元文件存储辅助信息及GUID（globally unique identifier，全局唯一标识符），该标识符不仅定义了资源在项目中的路径位置，还被资源系统用于记录所有资源间的关联与依赖关系。因此，你无需担心重命名或移动材质文件会导致其贴图丢失。

Another important feature of the Asset System is real-time tracking of changes: the system registers the moment when changes are saved to a file (for example, when editing a texture in third-party software) and re-imports it if necessary.资源系统的另一重要特性是实时变更追踪：当文件被修改保存时（例如通过第三方软件编辑纹理），系统会自动注册变更并在必要时重新导入资源。

It is fine to work with assets in the Editor, but the Engine at runtime won't always use directly the asset files that we deal with in the Editor. The point is that the Engine doesn't know anything about the internal structure of most of them — it has its own specific limited set of file formats that it can work with (*.mesh, *.node, *.prop, *.texture), and doesn't know about other, third-party ones (*.fbx, *.3ds, *.psd).虽然在编辑器中直接操作资源很方便，但运行（runtime）时引擎并不总是直接使用这些原始资源文件。关键在于，引擎对大多数资源文件的内部结构并不了解，它只能处理特定有限的几种自有文件格式（如*.mesh, *.node, *.prop, *.texture），而无法识别第三方格式（如*.fbx, *.3ds, *.psd）。

For all such non-native files (e.g. *.fbx, *.obj, *.hdr, etc.), the Editor automatically generates corresponding files in its own format, which are used by the Engine at runtime. This operation is called import, and such files are called runtimes.对于所有非原生格式文件（例如*.fbx, *.obj, *.hdr,等），编辑器会自动将其转换为引擎可识别的专属格式文件供运行时使用。这一转换过程称为"导入"，生成的转换文件则称为"运行时文件"（runtimes）。

Thus, depending on the relationship between assets and the Engine, assets can be divided into two categories:因此，根据资源与引擎的兼容关系，资源可分为两大类：

• Native – files in UNIGINE's own native format, no runtime files are created for them. Such an asset is deemed and used as an executable file, and will be included in the final build of the application "as is".原生资源：采用UNIGINE自有格式的文件，无需生成运行时文件。这类资源被视为可执行文件，将"原样"包含在最终应用构建中。
• Non-Native – files in any third-party format, which have been created and originally used not in UNIGINE. For some of these assets, the Editor will generate corresponding runtime files in the data/.runtimes folder, and it's actually these files (not the asset itself) that will be included in the final build of the application.非原生资源：任何第三方格式创建的文件。编辑器会为其中部分资源在 data/.runtimes 目录下生成对应的运行时文件，最终构建中实际包含的是这些转换后的文件（而非原始资源）。

The Container Asset is a special case of non-native asset — for such assets several runtime files are created (for example, the FBX asset can create *.node, *.mesh, *.mat, etc.).其中容器资源是非原生资源的特例：这类资源会生成多个运行时文件（例如一个FBX资源可能转换出*.node, *.mesh, *.mat等文件）。

All assets are stored in the data folder of your project.所有资源都存储在项目的 data 文件夹中。

As already mentioned, a texture asset can be used in a material asset, which in turn can be used by an object stored in a node asset, and an FBX asset container can create multiple files (mesh asset, material asset, etc.) when imported. These are all links between assets — a link means that an asset is either used as part of a more complex asset, or is itself made up of a number of assets. As already mentioned, assets are linked using GUIDs.如前所述，纹理资源可用于材质资源，而材质资源又可被存储在节点资源中的对象使用；FBX容器资源在导入时可能生成多个文件（如网格资源、材质资源等）。这些都属于资源间的关联：这种关联意味着某个资源要么作为更复杂资源的组成部分被使用，要么自身由多个资源构成。正如前文提到的，资源之间通过GUID建立关联。

To find out what connections an asset has, right-click on it in the Asset Browser and choose Show Assets Using This One or Show Assets Used from the context menu, and to find the runtime file created for the asset, choose Show Runtime in Explorer.要查看某个资源的关联情况，可在资源浏览器中右键点击该资源，从上下文菜单中选择 Show Assets Using This One 或 Show Assets Used；若要查看为该资源生成的运行时文件，则选择 Show Runtime in Explorer。

You can also use the assets_info and assets_list console commands to view information about assets and runtime files.你还可以使用控制台命令 assets_info 和 assets_list 来查看资源及运行时文件的相关信息。

Not all content for your UNIGINE project can be created in UnigineEditor. Most assets are created using third-party digital content creation tools such as 3ds Max, Maya, Photoshop, and others. These are all non-native assets, which, as we mentioned earlier, must be imported before they can be used — simply drag them into the Asset Browser window of the Editor. For each of the imported asset types, the Editor will automatically offer you an appropriate set of customizable import settings that determine the appearance and behavior of the assets. These settings are displayed in the window that appears when you import an asset.并非所有UNIGINE项目内容都能在UnigineEditor中直接创建。大多数资源需通过第三方数字内容创作工具（如3ds Max、Maya、Photoshop等）制作。这些都属于非原生资源，如前文所述，它们必须经过导入才能使用。针对每种导入的资源类型，编辑器会自动提供相应的可定制导入设置，这些设置决定了资源的显示效果和行为特性。导入资源时弹出的窗口中会显示这些设置选项。

For example, import settings for an image allow selecting the texture type, image format, size, etc. Import settings for an FBX file allow you to customize the scale, decide whether you will import materials and light sources or use animations available in the file. For some types of assets (for example, textures), you can specify whether to use it "as is" (e.g. HDR textures, so as to avoid quality loss during conversion) or to generate a runtime file for it.例如，图像资源的导入设置允许选择纹理类型、图片格式、尺寸等参数；FBX文件的导入设置则可调整缩放比例、选择是否导入材质与光源、或使用文件中包含的动画数据。对于某些特定类型的资源（如纹理），你还可以指定"直接使用原文件"（例如HDR纹理，以避免转换过程中的画质损失）或为其生成运行时文件。

If necessary, you can change the asset's import settings by selecting it in the Asset Browser and the available settings will appear in the Parameters window. After changing the import settings, click Apply to re-import the asset with the updated settings.如需修改资源的导入设置，只需在资源浏览器中选中对应文件，相关参数便会显示在属性窗口中。调整导入设置后，点击 Apply 按钮即可按新设置重新导入该资源。

Preparing content for a game or another 3D application, unless it's a cube game, can be time-consuming and require additional knowledge and skills, and maybe more team members. Every engine has a community of developers who share their experience and ready-made resources, program code or content with each other, either for free or for money. UNIGINE has such a community and there is a marketplace — Add-On Store, where you can search for ready resources for your projects before you start making them yourself, it can save time and money, even taking into account the fact that some of the content on the marketplace is paid. That's what we're going to overview. 为游戏或其他3D应用程序准备内容（除非是简单的方块游戏）可能耗时耗力，需要额外的知识技能，甚至可能需要更多团队成员。每个引擎都有开发者社区，成员们会分享经验、现成资源、程序代码或内容，有些免费有些收费。UNIGINE也拥有这样的社区和资源市场，Add-On Store。在亲自动手制作前，你可以在这里为项目寻找现成资源，这能节省时间和金钱，即使商店中部分内容需要付费。下面我们就来详细了解这个功能。

Add-On Store as a source of ready-made assets

Add-On Store：现成资源资源库#

How do I find what I need?

如何找到所需资源？#

Adding add-on content to a project

将附加组件内容添加到项目#

Naturally, Add-On Store may not offer everything you need, so you are likely to deal with some modeling, texture creation, sound recording, and so on. We've compiled for you a list of third-party software and resource libraries that could prove useful.当然，Add-On Store 可能无法满足所有需求，因此你可能需要进行一些建模、纹理制作、录音等工作。我们为你整理了一些可能有用的第三方软件和资源库。

Tools

工具#

Assets for your projects:

项目资源：#